Yosua 6:1--7:26
Konteks6:1 Now Jericho 1 was shut tightly 2 because of the Israelites. No one was allowed to leave or enter. 3 6:2 The Lord told Joshua, “See, I am about to defeat Jericho for you, 4 along with its king and its warriors. 6:3 Have all the warriors march around the city one time; 5 do this for six days. 6:4 Have seven priests carry seven rams’ horns 6 in front of the ark. On the seventh day march around the city seven times, while the priests blow the horns. 6:5 When you hear the signal from the ram’s horn, 7 have the whole army give a loud battle cry. 8 Then the city wall will collapse 9 and the warriors should charge straight ahead.” 10
6:6 So Joshua son of Nun summoned the priests and instructed them, “Pick up the ark of the covenant, and seven priests must carry seven rams’ horns in front of the ark of the Lord.” 6:7 And he told 11 the army, 12 “Move ahead 13 and march around the city, with armed troops going ahead of the ark of the Lord.”
6:8 When Joshua gave the army its orders, 14 the seven priests carrying the seven rams’ horns before the Lord moved ahead and blew the horns as the ark of the covenant of the Lord followed behind. 6:9 Armed troops marched ahead of the priests blowing the horns, while the rear guard followed along behind the ark blowing rams’ horns. 6:10 Now Joshua had instructed the army, 15 “Do not give a battle cry 16 or raise your voices; say nothing 17 until the day I tell you, ‘Give the battle cry.’ 18 Then give the battle cry!” 19 6:11 So Joshua made sure they marched the ark of the Lord around the city one time. 20 Then they went back to the camp and spent the night there. 21
6:12 Bright and early the next morning Joshua had the priests pick up the ark of the Lord. 22 6:13 The seven priests carrying the seven rams’ horns before the ark of the Lord marched along blowing their horns. Armed troops marched ahead of them, while the rear guard followed along behind the ark of the Lord blowing rams’ horns. 6:14 They marched around the city one time on the second day, then returned to the camp. They did this six days in all.
6:15 On the seventh day they were up at the crack of dawn 23 and marched around the city as before – only this time they marched around it seven times. 24 6:16 The seventh time around, the priests blew the rams’ horns and Joshua told the army, 25 “Give the battle cry, 26 for the Lord is handing the city over to you! 27 6:17 The city and all that is in it must be set apart for the Lord, 28 except for Rahab the prostitute and all who are with her in her house, because she hid the spies 29 we sent. 6:18 But be careful when you are setting apart the riches for the Lord. If you take any of it, you will make the Israelite camp subject to annihilation and cause a disaster. 30 6:19 All the silver and gold, as well as bronze and iron items, belong to the Lord. 31 They must go into the Lord’s treasury.”
6:20 The rams’ horns sounded 32 and when the army 33 heard the signal, 34 they gave a loud battle cry. 35 The wall collapsed 36 and the warriors charged straight ahead into the city and captured it. 37 6:21 They annihilated with the sword everything that breathed in the city, 38 including men and women, young and old, as well as cattle, sheep, and donkeys. 6:22 Joshua told the two men who had spied on the land, “Enter the prostitute’s house 39 and bring out the woman and all who belong to her as you promised her.” 40 6:23 So the young spies went and brought out Rahab, her father, mother, brothers, and all who belonged to her. They brought out her whole family and took them to a place outside 41 the Israelite camp. 6:24 But they burned 42 the city and all that was in it, except for the silver, gold, and bronze and iron items they put in the treasury of the Lord’s house. 43 6:25 Yet Joshua spared 44 Rahab the prostitute, her father’s family, 45 and all who belonged to her. She lives in Israel 46 to this very day because she hid the messengers Joshua sent to spy on Jericho. 47 6:26 At that time Joshua made this solemn declaration: 48 “The man who attempts to rebuild 49 this city of Jericho 50 will stand condemned before the Lord. 51 He will lose his firstborn son when he lays its foundations and his youngest son when he erects its gates!” 52 6:27 The Lord was with Joshua and he became famous throughout the land. 53
7:1 But the Israelites disobeyed the command about the city’s riches. 54 Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, 55 son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, stole some of the riches. 56 The Lord was furious with the Israelites. 57
7:2 Joshua sent men from Jericho 58 to Ai (which is located near Beth Aven, east of Bethel 59 ) and instructed them, “Go up and spy on the land.” So the men went up and spied on Ai. 7:3 They returned and reported to Joshua, 60 “Don’t send the whole army. 61 About two or three thousand men are adequate to defeat Ai. 62 Don’t tire out the whole army, for Ai is small.” 63
7:4 So about three thousand men went up, but they fled from the men of Ai. 7:5 The men of Ai killed about thirty-six of them and chased them from in front of the city gate all the way to the fissures 64 and defeated them on the steep slope. 65 The people’s 66 courage melted away like water. 67
7:6 Joshua tore his clothes; 68 he and the leaders 69 of Israel lay face down on the ground before the ark of the Lord until evening 70 and threw dirt on their heads. 71 7:7 Joshua prayed, 72 “O, Master, Lord! Why did you bring these people across the Jordan to hand us over to the Amorites so they could destroy us? 7:8 If only we had been satisfied to live on the other side of the Jordan! O Lord, what can I say now that Israel has retreated 73 before its enemies? 7:9 When the Canaanites and all who live in the land hear about this, they will turn against us and destroy the very memory of us 74 from the earth. What will you do to protect your great reputation?” 75
7:10 The Lord responded 76 to Joshua, “Get up! Why are you lying there face down? 77 7:11 Israel has sinned; they have violated my covenantal commandment! 78 They have taken some of the riches; 79 they have stolen them and deceitfully put them among their own possessions. 80 7:12 The Israelites are unable to stand before their enemies; they retreat because they have become subject to annihilation. 81 I will no longer be with you, 82 unless you destroy what has contaminated you. 83 7:13 Get up! Ritually consecrate the people and tell them this: ‘Ritually consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, because the Lord God of Israel says, “You are contaminated, 84 O Israel! You will not be able to stand before your enemies until you remove what is contaminating you.” 85 7:14 In the morning you must approach in tribal order. 86 The tribe the Lord selects 87 must approach by clans. The clan the Lord selects must approach by families. 88 The family the Lord selects must approach man by man. 89 7:15 The one caught with the riches 90 must be burned up 91 along with all who belong to him, because he violated the Lord’s covenant and did such a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”
7:16 Bright and early the next morning Joshua made Israel approach in tribal order 92 and the tribe of Judah was selected. 7:17 He then made the clans of Judah approach and the clan of the Zerahites was selected. He made the clan of the Zerahites approach and Zabdi 93 was selected. 94 7:18 He then made Zabdi’s 95 family approach man by man 96 and Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, was selected. 7:19 So Joshua said to Achan, “My son, honor 97 the Lord God of Israel and give him praise! Tell me what you did; don’t hide anything from me!” 7:20 Achan told Joshua, “It is true. I have sinned against the Lord God of Israel in this way: 98 7:21 I saw among the goods we seized a nice robe from Babylon, 99 two hundred silver pieces, 100 and a bar of gold weighing fifty shekels. I wanted them, so I took them. They are hidden in the ground right in the middle of my tent with the silver underneath.”
7:22 Joshua sent messengers who ran to the tent. The things were hidden right in his tent, with the silver underneath. 101 7:23 They took it all from the middle of the tent, brought it to Joshua and all the Israelites, and placed 102 it before the Lord. 7:24 Then Joshua and all Israel took Achan, son of Zerah, along with the silver, the robe, the bar of gold, his sons, daughters, ox, donkey, sheep, tent, and all that belonged to him and brought them up to the Valley of Disaster. 103 7:25 Joshua said, “Why have you brought disaster 104 on us? The Lord will bring disaster on you today!” All Israel stoned him to death. (They also stoned and burned the others.) 105 7:26 Then they erected over him a large pile of stones (it remains to this very day 106 ) and the Lord’s anger subsided. So that place is called the Valley of Disaster to this very day.
[6:1] 1 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[6:1] 2 tn Heb “was shutting and shut up.” HALOT 2:743 paraphrases, “blocking [any way of access] and blocked [against any who would leave].”
[6:1] 3 tn Heb “there was no one going out and there was no one coming in.”
[6:2] 4 tn Heb “I have given into your hand Jericho.” The Hebrew verb נָתַתִּי (natatti, “I have given”) is probably best understood as a perfect of certitude, indicating the certainty of the action. The Hebrew pronominal suffix “your” is singular, being addressed to Joshua as the leader and representative of the nation. To convey to the modern reader what is about to happen and who is doing it, the translation “I am about to defeat Jericho for you” has been used.
[6:3] 5 tn Heb “and go around the city, all [you] men of war, encircling the city one time.” The Hebrew verb וְסַבֹּתֶם (vÿsabbotem, “and go around”) is plural, being addressed to the whole army.
[6:4] 6 tn Heb “rams’ horns, trumpets.”
[6:5] 7 tn Heb “and it will be at the sounding of the horn, the ram’s horn, when you hear the sound of the ram’s horn.” The text of Josh 6:5 seems to be unduly repetitive, so for the sake of English style and readability, it is best to streamline the text here. The reading in the Hebrew looks like a conflation of variant readings, with the second (“when you hear the sound of the ram’s horn”) being an interpolation that assimilates the text to verse 20 (“when the army heard the sound of the horn”). Note that the words “when you hear the sound of the ram's horn” do not appear in the LXX of verse 5.
[6:5] 8 tn Heb “all the people will shout with a loud shout.”
[6:5] 9 tn Heb “fall in its place.”
[6:5] 10 tn Heb “and the people will go up, each man straight ahead.”
[6:7] 11 tn An alternative reading is “and they said.” In this case the subject is indefinite and the verb should be translated as passive, “[the army] was told.”
[6:8] 14 tn Heb “when Joshua spoke to the people.”
[6:10] 15 tn Heb “the people.”
[6:10] 17 tn Heb “do not let a word come out of your mouths.”
[6:11] 20 tn Heb “and he made the ark of the
[6:11] 21 tn Heb “and they entered the camp and spent the night in the camp.”
[6:12] 22 tn Heb “Joshua rose early in the morning and the priests picked up the ark of the
[6:15] 23 tn Heb “On the seventh day they rose early, when the dawn ascended.”
[6:15] 24 tn Heb “and they went around the city according to this manner seven times, only on that day they went around the city seven times.”
[6:16] 25 tn Heb “the people.”
[6:16] 27 tn Heb “for the
[6:17] 28 tn Or “dedicated to the
[6:17] sn To make the city set apart for the
[6:17] 29 tn Heb “messengers.”
[6:18] 30 tn Heb “Only you keep [away] from what is set apart [to the
[6:19] 31 tn Heb “it is holy to the
[6:20] 32 tc Heb “and the people shouted and they blew the rams’ horns.” The initial statement (“and the people shouted”) seems premature, since the verse goes on to explain that the battle cry followed the blowing of the horns. The statement has probably been accidentally duplicated from what follows. It is omitted in the LXX.
[6:20] 33 tn Heb “the people.”
[6:20] 34 tn Heb “the sound of the horn.”
[6:20] 35 tn Heb “they shouted with a loud shout.”
[6:20] 36 tn Heb “fell in its place.”
[6:20] 37 tn Heb “and the people went up into the city, each one straight ahead, and they captured the city.”
[6:21] 38 tn Heb “all which was in the city.”
[6:22] 39 tn Heb “the house of the woman, the prostitute.”
[6:22] 40 tn Heb “and bring out from there the woman and all who belong to her as you swore on oath to her.”
[6:23] 41 tn Or “placed them outside.”
[6:24] 42 tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”
[6:24] 43 tn Heb “the treasury of the house of the
[6:25] 44 tn Heb “kept alive.”
[6:25] 45 tn Heb the house of her father.”
[6:25] 46 tn Or “among the Israelites”; Heb “in the midst of Israel.”
[6:25] 47 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[6:26] 48 tn Normally the Hiphil of שָׁבַע (shava’) has a causative sense (“make [someone] take an oath”; see Josh 2:17, 20), but here (see also Josh 23:7) no object is stated or implied. If Joshua is calling divine judgment down upon the one who attempts to rebuild Jericho, then “make a solemn appeal [to God as judge]” or “pronounce a curse” would be an appropriate translation. However, the tone seems stronger. Joshua appears to be announcing the certain punishment of the violator. 1 Kgs 16:34, which records the fulfillment of Joshua’s prediction, supports this. Casting Joshua in a prophetic role, it refers to Joshua’s statement as the “word of the
[6:26] 49 tn Heb “rises up and builds.”
[6:26] 50 tc The LXX omits “Jericho.” It is probably a scribal addition.
[6:26] 51 tn The Hebrew phrase אָרוּר לִפְנֵי יְהוָה (’arur lifney yÿhvah, “cursed [i.e., condemned] before the
[6:26] 52 tn Heb “With his firstborn he will lay its foundations and with his youngest he will erect its gates.” The Hebrew verb יַצִּיב (yatsiv, “he will erect”) is imperfect, not jussive, suggesting Joshua’s statement is a prediction, not an imprecation.
[6:27] 53 tn Heb “and the report about him was in all the land.” The Hebrew term אֶרֶץ (’erets, “land”) may also be translated “earth.”
[7:1] 54 tn Heb “But the sons of Israel were unfaithful with unfaithfulness concerning what was set apart [to the
[7:1] 55 tn 1 Chr 2:6 lists a “Zimri” (but no Zabdi) as one of the five sons of Zerah (cf. also 1 Chr 7:17, 18).
[7:1] 56 tn Heb “took from what was set apart [to the
[7:1] 57 tn Heb “the anger of the
[7:1] sn This incident illustrates well the principle of corporate solidarity and corporate guilt. The sin of one man brought the
[7:2] 58 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[7:2] 59 map For the location of Bethel see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[7:3] 60 tn Heb “and they returned to Joshua and said to him.”
[7:3] 61 tn Heb “Don’t let all the people go up.”
[7:3] 62 tn Heb “Let about two thousand men or about three thousand men go up to defeat Ai.”
[7:3] 63 tn Heb “all the people for they are small.”
[7:5] 64 tn The meaning and correct translation of the Hebrew word שְׁבָרִים (shÿvarim) is uncertain. The translation “fissures” is based on usage of the plural form of the noun in Ps 60:4 HT (60:2 ET), where it appears to refer to cracks in the earth caused by an earthquake. Perhaps deep ravines or gorges are in view, or the word is a proper noun (“all the way to Shebarim”).
[7:5] 65 sn The precise geographical location of the Israelite defeat at this “steep slope” is uncertain.
[7:5] 67 tn Heb “and the heart of the people melted and became water.”
[7:6] 68 sn Tearing one’s clothes was an outward expression of extreme sorrow (see Gen 37:34; 44:13).
[7:6] 70 tn Heb “and fell on his face to the ground before the ark of the
[7:6] 71 sn Throwing dirt on one’s head was an outward expression of extreme sorrow (see Lam 2:10; Ezek 27:30).
[7:8] 73 tn Heb “turned [the] back.”
[7:9] 74 tn Heb “and cut off our name.”
[7:9] 75 tn Heb “What will you do for your great name?”
[7:10] 77 tn Heb “Why are you falling on your face?”
[7:11] 78 tn Heb “They have violated my covenant which I commanded them.”
[7:11] 79 tn Heb “what was set apart [to the
[7:11] 80 tn Heb “and also they have stolen, and also they have lied, and also they have placed [them] among their items.”
[7:12] 81 tn Heb “they turn [the] back before their enemies because they are set apart [to destruction by the
[7:12] 82 tn The second person pronoun is plural in Hebrew, indicating these words are addressed to the entire nation.
[7:12] 83 tn Heb “what is set apart [to destruction by the
[7:13] 84 tn Heb “what is set apart [to destruction by the
[7:13] 85 tn Heb “remove what is set apart [i.e., to destruction by the
[7:14] 86 tn Heb “by your tribes.”
[7:14] 87 tn Heb “takes forcefully, seizes.”
[7:15] 90 tn Heb “with what was set apart [to the
[7:15] 91 tn Heb “burned with fire.”
[7:17] 93 tn See the note on “Zabdi” in 1 Chr 7:1.
[7:17] 94 tn Heb “and he selected Zabdi.” The
[7:18] 95 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Zabdi) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[7:19] 97 tn Heb “give glory to.”
[7:20] 98 tn Heb “like this and like this I did.”
[7:21] 99 tn Heb “Shinar,” a reference to Babylon (cf. Gen 10:10; 11:2; 14:1). Many modern translations retain the Hebrew name “Shinar” (cf. NEB, NRSV) but some use the more familiar “Babylon” (cf. NIV, NLT).
[7:22] 101 tn Heb “Look, [it was] hidden in his tent, and the silver was beneath it.”
[7:23] 102 tn Heb “poured out,” probably referring to the way the silver pieces poured out of their container.
[7:24] 103 tn Or “Trouble” The name is “Achor” in Hebrew, which means “disaster” or “trouble” (also in v. 26).
[7:25] 104 tn Or “trouble.” The word is “achor” in Hebrew (also in the following clause).
[7:25] 105 tc Heb “and they burned them with fire and they stoned them with stones.” These words are somewhat parenthetical in nature and are omitted in the LXX; they may represent a later scribal addition.
[7:26] 106 tc Heb “to this day.” The phrase “to this day” is omitted in the LXX and may represent a later scribal addition.
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